Open Categories Explained
Understanding the CAA Open Category Drone Regulations in the UK
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) governs drone operations in the UK, ensuring safety and compliance through its regulations. If you’re a drone operator, it’s essential to understand the CAA’s Open Category regulations, which apply to low-risk drone operations. In this blog, we’ll break down the Open Category rules, subcategories, and how they affect drone pilots.
What is the Open Category?
The Open Category is designed for drones that pose minimal risk to people and property. It applies to operations where the drone:
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Weighs under 25kg.
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Is flown within visual line of sight (VLOS).
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Does not exceed an altitude of 120m (400ft).
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Avoids flying over crowds or in restricted airspace without permission.
Therefore, these rules allow hobbyists and professionals to operate safely without requiring special permissions.
Open Category Subcategories
The Open Category is divided into three subcategories: A1, A2, and A3.
A1 – Fly Over People (Limited)
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Suitable for lightweight drones (e.g., under 250g or C0/C1 class drones).
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Can be flown over uninvolved people but not over crowds.
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No minimum distance requirement, but pilots must minimise risk.
Since these drones are lightweight, they present less risk, making them ideal for beginners.
A2 – Fly Near People
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For drones weighing between 500g and 2kg (C2 class drones).
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Pilots must maintain a safe distance of at least 30m from uninvolved people, or 5m in low-speed mode.
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Requires an A2 Certificate of Competency (A2 CofC).
Thus, if you want to fly closer to people, obtaining the right certification is crucial.
A3 – Fly Far from People
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For drones weighing up to 25kg (C3/C4 class drones).
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Must be flown at least 150m from residential, commercial, or industrial areas.
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Must stay away from uninvolved people.
Because of their size and weight, these drones require greater separation to maintain safety.
Drone Classifications & CE Marking
Drones are classified as C0 to C4 under the new EU-derived regulations, determining which subcategory they can operate in. Older drones without a CE class marking are limited to legacy provisions until 2026.
As a result, understanding your drone’s classification is essential for compliance.
Training & Registration Requirements
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Operator ID – Required for drones over 250g or those with cameras.
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Flyer ID – Required if operating drones over 250g or any with risk factors.
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A2 CofC – Required for A2 category operations.
This ensures that pilots meet the necessary competency levels before flying.
Key Takeaways for Drone Operators
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Know your drone’s classification and which subcategory applies.
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Maintain safe distances from people and structures.
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Ensure you have the correct certification and registration.
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Always check local airspace restrictions before flying.
Following these steps will help you stay within the law and operate safely.
Need Help With Drone Training or Compliance?
At Buzz Drones, we offer CAA-compliant training to help you fly legally and safely. Whether you need an A2 CofC or general guidance on UK drone laws, get in touch with our experts today!
Looking to buy your first drone? Take a look at our blog for ideas.
Stay compliant, fly safe, and explore the skies with confidence!
